Diseases are disruptions that impact the regular functioning of the body. They can be caused by various factors, including genetic mutations, infections, lifestyle choices, and environmental factors. In this article, we will discuss 20 common diseases that are prevalent in the world today.

  1. Coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease is a condition that affects the blood vessels that supply the heart with oxygen and nutrients. It is caused by the buildup of plaque in the arteries, which narrows them and restricts blood flow. Coronary artery disease causes shortening of breath, chest pain and heart failures.

2. Diabetes

Diabetes is a long-term medical condition that impacts the body's ability to regulate blood sugar (glucose) levels. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1, which is caused by the body's immune system attacking the cells that produce insulin, and type 2, which is caused by insulin resistance.

  1. Cancer

Cancer encompasses a range of illnesses characterized by the excessive proliferation and dissemination of abnormal cells. Various forms of cancer exist, such as lung cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, and colon cancer.

  1. Stroke

A stroke occurs when the blood supply to the brain is interrupted, either by a blockage or a rupture in a blood vessel. This can cause brain damage and a range of symptoms, including weakness or paralysis on one side of the body, difficulty speaking, and vision problems.

  1. Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurological condition that impacts memory and various cognitive functions.. It is characterized by the buildup of plaques and tangles in the brain, which can lead to the death of brain cells.

  1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

COPD refers to a collection of pulmonary disorders that result in breathing difficulties. The most common types of COPD are chronic bronchitis and emphysema, which are caused by long-term exposure to cigarette smoke or other pollutants.

  1. Influenza

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a viral infection that primarily targets the respiratory system. It is highly contagious and can cause a range of symptoms, including fever, cough, and body aches.

  1. Asthma

Asthma is a persistent respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and constriction of the airways. This can result in symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and respiratory distress.

9. Arthritis

Arthritis comprises a cluster of conditions that result in joint inflammation and pain. Arthritis encompasses numerous types, such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriatic arthritis.

10. Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a medical condition characterized by the weakening and brittleness of bones, which raises the likelihood of fractures. It is primarily prevalent among women following menopause.

11. Depression

Depression is a mood disorder that induces persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and diminished interest in activities. It can affect a person's ability to function in daily life and may lead to suicidal thoughts or behaviors.

  1. Anxiety disorders:

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental health conditions that cause excessive worry or fear. Anxiety disorders manifest in various forms, such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social anxiety disorder..

  1. Hypertension:
Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, refers to a condition where the force exerted by blood against artery walls is elevated. This condition poses a heightened risk of heart disease, stroke, and kidney damage.
  1. kidney disease:

Chronic kidney disease is a medical condition characterized by kidney damage, leading to impaired blood filtration capability. This can lead to a buildup of waste products in the body and can cause a range of symptoms, including fatigue, swelling, and shortness of breathing.

15. Sleep Apnea:

Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder where breathing stops and starts during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and fatigue.

16. Allergies: Allergies are a hypersensitivity reaction to a specific substance, such as pollen or certain foods.

17. Psoriasis: 

Psoriasis is a long-lasting autoimmune disorder that manifests as raised, scaly patches of red skin.

18. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent gastrointestinal condition characterized by discomfort in the abdominal area, bloating, and alterations in bowel patterns.

19. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): 

GERD is a digestive disorder that causes acid from the stomach to flow back into the esophagus, causing heartburn and other symptoms.

20. Cardiovascular Disease:

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a term that describes a range of conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels. These encompass coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke.